Depression, anxiety and stress severities in multiple sclerosis patients using injectable versus oral treatments
Abstract
Aim: Studies on multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia remain scant, particularly studies on the psychological aspects. This study measures severities of depression, anxiety and stress, and compares them to the used disease-modifying treatment. Materials & methods: Cross-sectional study using a phone questionnaire targeting 452 Saudi patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis following in King Khalid University Hospital, King Fahad Medical City or Security Forces Hospital. Results: From 235 patients, 149 used interferons, 58 used fingolimod and 28 used natalizumab. Depression scores were similar among all demographic and drug groups. Interferons versus fingolimod anxiety scores were significantly different (p = 0.035). Stress scores were within normal limits. Conclusion: Mild anxiety was higher among interferon users, which could be due to injection anxiety reasons.
Formats available
You can view the full content in the following formats:
References
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest
1.
Beiske AG, Svensson E, Sandanger I et al. Depression and anxiety amongst multiple sclerosis patients. Eur. J. Neurol. 15(3), 239–245 (2008).
2.
Dahl OP, Stordal E, Lydersen S, Midgard R. Anxiety and depression in multiple sclerosis. A comparative population-based study in Nord-Trondelag County, Norway. Mult. Scler. 15(12), 1495–1501 (2009).
3.
Jones KH, Ford DV, Jones PA et al. A large-scale study of anxiety and depression in people with multiple sclerosis: a survey via the web portal of the UK MS register. PLoS ONE 7(7), e41910 (2012).
4.
Wood B, Van Der Mei IA, Ponsonby AL et al. Prevalence and concurrence of anxiety, depression and fatigue over time in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 19(2), 217–224 (2013).
5.
Viner R, Fiest KM, Bulloch AG et al. Point prevalence and correlates of depression in a national community sample with multiple sclerosis. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 36(3), 352–354 (2014).
6.
De Cerqueira AC, Semionato De Andrade P, Godoy Barreiros JM, Teixeira AL, Nardi AE. Psychiatric disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis. Compr. Psychiatry 63, 10–14 (2015).
7.
Daif AK, Al-Rajeh S, Awada A et al. Pattern of presentation of multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: analysis based on clinical and paraclinical features. Eur. Neurol. 39(3), 182–186 (1998).
• This was one of the first publications about multiple sclerosis (MS) in Saudi Arabia. It is an honor for us to publish our study with Abdulkader Daif, one of the leading names in MS management in Saudi Arabia.
8.
Bohlega S, Inshasi J, Al Tahan AR, Madani AB, Qahtani H, Rieckmann P. Multiple sclerosis in the Arabian Gulf countries: a consensus statement. J. Neurol. 260(12), 2959–2963 (2013).
9.
Heydarpour P, Khoshkish S, Abtahi S, Moradi-Lakeh M, Sahraian M. Multiple sclerosis epidemiology in Middle East and North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiol. 44, 232–244 (2015).
• Interesting paper that compared epidemiology differences of multiple sclerosis in the Middle East.
10.
Lublin F. New multiple sclerosis phenotypic classification. Eur. Neurol. 72(Suppl. 1), 1–5 (2014).
11.
Siegert RJ, Abernethy DA. Depression in multiple sclerosis: a review. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych. 76, 469–475 (2005).
12.
Alamri Y, Al-Busaidi IS. Multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: anxiety, depression and suicidality. Psychiatry Res. 238, 24 (2016).
•• This was the first study that considered the psychological aspects of multiple sclerosis published from Saudi Arabia.
13.
Alsaadi T, El Hammasi K, Shahrour TM et al. Prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with multiple sclerosis attending the MS clinic at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, UAE: cross-sectional study. Mult. Scler. Int. 2015, 487159 (2015).
14.
Salehpoor G, Rezaei S, Hosseininezhad M. Quality of life in multiple sclerosis (MS) and role of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress: a bicenter study from north of Iran. Iran J. Nurs. Midwifery Res. 19(6), 593–599 (2014).
15.
Patten SB, Beck CA, Williams JV et al. Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective. Neurology 61, 1524–1527 (2003).
16.
Korostil M, Feinstein A. Anxiety disorders and their clinical correlates in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 13(1), 67–72 (2007).
17.
Mohr DC, Lovera J, Brown T et al. A randomized trial of stress management for the prevention of new brain lesions in MS. Neurol. 79(5), 412–419 (2012).
18.
Briones-Buixassa L, Milà R, Aragonès JM, Bufill E, Olaya B, Arrufat FX. Stress and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review considering potential moderating and mediating factors and methods of assessing stress. Health Psychol. Open 2(2), 2055102915612271 (2015).
19.
Pujol J, Bello J, Deus J, Marti-Vilalta JL, Capdevila A. Lesions in the left arcuate fasciculus region and depressive symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 49(4), 1105–1110 (1997).
20.
Bakshi R, Czarnecki D, Shaikh ZA et al. Brain MRI lesions and atrophy are related to depression in multiple sclerosis. Neuroreport 11(6), 1153–1158 (2000).
21.
Zorzon M, De Masi R, Nasuelli D et al. Depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis. A clinical and MRI study in 95 subjects. J. Neurol. 248(5), 416–421 (2001).
22.
Feinstein A, Roy P, Lobaugh N, Feinstein K, O’Connor P, Black S. Structural brain abnormalities in multiple sclerosis patients with major depression. Neurology 62(4), 586–590 (2004).
23.
Jacobs LD, Beck RW, Simon JH et al. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(13), 898–904 (2000).
24.
Lana-Peixoto MA, Teixeira AL Jr, Haase VG. Interferon beta-1a-induced depression and suicidal ideation in multiple sclerosis. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 60(3-B), 721–724 (2002).
25.
Pandya R, Patten S. Depression in multiple sclerosis associated with interferon beta-1a (Rebif). Can. J. Psychiatry 47(7), 686 (2002).
26.
Chwastiak LA, Ehde DM. Psychiatric issues in multiple sclerosis. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 30(4), 803–817 (2007).
27.
Montalban X, Comi G, O’Connor P et al. Oral fingolimod (FTY720) in relapsing multiple sclerosis: impact on health-related quality of life in a Phase II study. Mult. Scler. 17(11), 1341–1350 (2011).
28.
Svenningsson A, Falk E, Celius EG et al. Natalizumab treatment reduces fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Results from the TYNERGY trial; a study in the real life setting. PLoS ONE 8(3), e58643 (2013).
29.
Hoepner R, Faissner S, Salmen A, Gold R, Chan A. Efficacy and side effects of natalizumab therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Cent. Nerv. Syst. Dis. 6, 41–49 (2014).
30.
Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br. J. Health Psychol. 44(Pt 2), 227–239 (2005).
31.
General Authority For Statistics: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. www.stats.gov.sa/en/node
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© Future Medicine Ltd.
History
Published online: 12 July 2017
Keywords:
Topics
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Article Usage
Article usage data only available from February 2023. Historical article usage data, showing the number of article downloads, is available upon request.
Citations
How to Cite
Depression, anxiety and stress severities in multiple sclerosis patients using injectable versus oral treatments. (2017) Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. DOI: 10.2217/cer-2016-0087
Export citation
Select the citation format you wish to export for this article or chapter.
Citing Literature
- Mariam Al-Ameri, Hanan Abu-Shaikh, Mohammad Mansour, Suha Al-Habahbeh, Feras Weshah, Wail Ennab, Ammena Y. Binsaleh, Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh, Omar Gammoh, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis: Prevalence and Correlates, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10.3390/jcm13133844, 13, 13, (3844), (2024).
- Sorour Khari, Marzieh Pazokian, Influence of religion and spirituality on the mental health of patients with multiple sclerosis, Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 10.1080/19349637.2023.2174920, 26, 2, (128-140), (2023).
- Duygu Özer, Elvan Emine Ata, Gül Dikeç, Serkan Demir, The relationship between stress, anxiety, and depression levels and pseudobulbar affect in patients with multiple sclerosis, Contemporary Nurse, 10.1080/10376178.2022.2107037, 58, 4, (317-329), (2022).
- Stella A Glasmacher, Patrick KA Kearns, Zackary Hassan, Peter Connick, Simone Tauber, Kathrin Reetz, Peter Foley, Siddharthan Chandran, The influence of disease-modifying therapy on hidden disability burden in people with newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103837, 63, (103837), (2022).
- Kerri A. Schoedel, Carine Kolly, Anne Gardin, Srikanth Neelakantham, Kasra Shakeri-Nejad, Abuse and dependence potential of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review of literature and public data, Psychopharmacology, 10.1007/s00213-021-06011-6, 239, 1, (1-13), (2021).
- Ali Dehghani, Development and validation of the disease - specific problems questionnaire for patients with multiple sclerosis, BMC Neurology, 10.1186/s12883-021-02442-y, 21, 1, (2021).