Strengthening stakeholder-engaged research and research on stakeholder engagement
Abstract
Stakeholder engagement is an emerging field with little evidence to inform best practices. Guidelines are needed to improve the quality of research on stakeholder engagement through more intentional planning, evaluation and reporting. We developed a preliminary framework for planning, evaluating and reporting stakeholder engagement, informed by published conceptual models and recommendations and then refined through our own stakeholder engagement experience. Our proposed exploratory framework highlights contexts and processes to be addressed in planning stakeholder engagement, and potential immediate, intermediate and long-term outcomes that warrant evaluation. We use this framework to illustrate both the minimum information needed for reporting stakeholder-engaged research and the comprehensive detail needed for reporting research on stakeholder engagement.
Supplementary Material
File (suppl_appendix.docx)
- Download
- 14.44 KB
References
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: •• of considerable interest
1.
Concannon TW, Meissner P, Grunbaum JA et al. A new taxonomy for stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 27(8), 985–991 (2012).
2.
Esmail L, Moore E, Rein A. Evaluating patient and stakeholder engagement in research: moving from theory to practice. J. Comp. Eff. Res. 4(2), 133–145 (2015).
•• Summarizes hypothesized impacts of stakeholder engagement and current evidence for these impacts.
3.
Concannon TW, Fuster M, Saunders T et al. A systematic review of stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes research. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 29(12), 1692–1701 (2014).
•• Reviews prior literature and proposes a seven-item stakeholder engagement questionnaire.
4.
PCORI. PCORI Engagement Rubric (2014). www.pcori.org/sites/default/files/Engagement-Rubric.pdf.
5.
Hoffman A, Montgomery R, Aubry W, Tunis SR. How best to engage patients, doctors, and other stakeholders in designing comparative effectiveness studies. Health Aff. (Millwood) 29(10), 1834–1841 (2010).
6.
Lavallee DC, Williams CJ, Tambor ES, Deverka PA. Stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness research: how will we measure success? J. Comp. Eff. Res. 1(5), 397–407 (2012).
•• Discusses meta-criteria for stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness research.
7.
Guise JM, O'Haire C, McPheeters M et al. A practice-based tool for engaging stakeholders in future research: a synthesis of current practices. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 66(6), 666–674 (2013).
•• Provides a detailed review and checklist of best practices for stakeholder-engaged prioritization of research topics.
8.
O'Haire C, McPheeters M, Nakamoto E et al. Engaging stakeholders to identify and prioritize future research needs. In: Methods Future Research Needs Reports. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, MD, USA (2011).
9.
Deverka PA, Lavallee DC, Desai PJ et al. Stakeholder participation in comparative effectiveness research: defining a framework for effective engagement. J. Comp. Eff. Res. 1(2), 181–194 (2012).
•• Provides a conceptual mode for inputs, methods and outputs of stakeholder engagement in comparative effectiveness research.
10.
Jagosh J, Macaulay AC, Pluye P et al. Uncovering the benefits of participatory research: implications of a realist review for health research and practice. Milbank Q. 90(2), 311–346 (2012).
11.
Mullins CD, Abdulhalim AM, Lavallee DC. Continuous patient engagement in comparative effectiveness research. JAMA 307(15), 1587–1588 (2012).
12.
Burke JG, Jones J, Yonas M et al. PCOR, CER, and CBPR: alphabet soup or complementary fields of health research? Clin. Transl. Sci. 6(6), 493–496 (2013).
13.
Brett J, Staniszewska S, Mockford C et al. Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review. Health Expect. 17(5), 637–650 (2014).
14.
Cottrell E, Whitlock E, Kato E et al. Defining the benefits of stakeholder engagement in systematic reviews. In: Research White Papers. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, MD, USA (2014).
15.
Camden C, Shikako-Thomas K, Nguyen T et al. Engaging stakeholders in rehabilitation research: a scoping review of strategies used in partnerships and evaluation of impacts. Disabil. Rehabil. 37(15), 1390–1400 (2015).
16.
Frank L, Forsythe L, Ellis L et al. Conceptual and practical foundations of patient engagement in research at the patient-centered outcomes research institute. Qual. Life Res. 24(5), 1033–1041 (2015).
17.
Pandi-Perumal SR, Akhter S, Zizi F et al. Project stakeholder management in the clinical research environment: how to do it right. Front. Psychiatry 6, 71 (2015).
18.
Shippee ND, Domecq Garces JP, Prutsky Lopez GJ et al. Patient and service user engagement in research: a systematic review and synthesized framework. Health Expect. 18(5), 1151–1166 (2015).
19.
Cukor D, Cohen LM, Cope EL et al. Patient and other stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research institute funded studies of patients with kidney diseases. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11(9), 1703–1712 (2016).
20.
Forsythe LP, Ellis LE, Edmundson L et al. Patient and stakeholder engagement in the PCORI pilot projects: description and lessons learned. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 31(1), 13–21 (2016).
21.
Mackie TI, Sheldrick RC, De Ferranti SD, Saunders T, Rojas EG, Leslie LK. Stakeholders’ perspectives on stakeholder-engaged research (SER): strategies to operationalize patient-centered outcomes research principles for SER. Med. Care 55(1), 19–30 (2016).
22.
Saunders T, Mackie TI, Shah S, Gooding H, De Ferranti SD, Leslie LK. Young adult and parent stakeholder perspectives on participation in patient-centered comparative effectiveness research. J. Comp. Eff. Res. 5(5), 487–497 (2016).
23.
Woolf SH, Zimmerman E, Haley A, Krist AH. Authentic engagement of patients and communities can transform research, practice, and policy. Health Aff. (Millwood) 35(4), 590–594 (2016).
24.
Effective Health Care Program. Learning modules: engaging stakeholders in the Effective Health Care Program (2016). http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/tools-and-resources/how-to-get-involved-in-the-effective-health-care-program/learning-modules-engaging-stakeholders-in-the-effective-health-care-program/.
25.
Ray KN, Ashcraft LE, Kahn JM, Mehrotra A, Miller E. Family perspectives on high-quality paediatric subspeciality referrals. Acad. Paediatr. 16(6), 594–600 (2016).
26.
Equator Network Enhancing the quality and transparency of health research. www.equator-network.org.
27.
Frerichs L, Kim M, Dave G et al. Stakeholder perspectives on creating and maintaining trust in community-academic research partnerships. Health Educ. Behav. 44(1), 182–191 (2016).
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2017 Future Medicine Ltd.
History
Published online: 16 June 2017
Keywords:
Topics
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Article Usage
Article usage data only available from February 2023. Historical article usage data, showing the number of article downloads, is available upon request.
Citations
How to Cite
Strengthening stakeholder-engaged research and research on stakeholder engagement. (2017) Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. DOI: 10.2217/cer-2016-0096
Export citation
Select the citation format you wish to export for this article or chapter.
Citing Literature
- Karina Karolina De Santis, Katja Matthias, Knarik Nikoyan, Stefanie Maria Helmer, Evidence Map of Cochrane Reviews on Nutrition and Physical Activity in Healthy and At-Risk Populations: A Scoping Review, Journal of Prevention, 10.1007/s10935-026-00924-8, (2026).
- Léa Obrecht, Femke van Abswoude, Katrijn Klingels, Bert Steenbergen, Advancing knowledge translation processes in motor rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder: insights from a scoping review, BMC Health Services Research, 10.1186/s12913-026-14488-0, 26, 1, (2026).
- Jingbo Zhang, Kon Shing Kenneth Chung, An Online Stakeholder Engagement Framework for Infrastructure Projects: A Dialogue-Based Approach, Project Leadership and Society, 10.1016/j.plas.2026.100223, (100223), (2026).
- Kaylin R. Clements, James J. English, Emily J. Wilkins, Megan A. Moore, Rudy Schuster, Practical guidance for engaging end-users and experts in developing scientific tools, undefined, 10.3133/sir20265137, (2026).
- Kenneth Karumba, Dorothy Oluoch, Edna Mutua, David Gathara, Sebastian Fuller, Mike English, Fredrick Were, Sassy Molyneux, Michuki Maina, Engaging stakeholders in embedded newborn health services/systems research in Kenya; a continuous process involving multiple actors., NIHR Open Research, 10.3310/nihropenres.13787.2, 4, (73), (2025).
- Julie S. Armin, Sarah N. Price, Elizabeth S. Ver Hoeve, Yvonne Bueno, Leila Ali-Akbarian, Nancy Johnson, Elizabeth Calhoun, Lorena Verdugo, Heidi A. Hamann, Using Stakeholder Engagement to Build Cancer Survivorship Care Coordination Capacity Between Primary and Oncology Care, Health Equity, 10.1177/24731242251385402, 9, 1, (2025).
- Loes Lindiwe Kreeftenberg, Lidewij Henneman, Claudia Louati, Yasemin Zeisl, Estefanía Callejas de Luca, Daniela Quaggia, Martina C. Cornel, Carla G. van El, Personalised prevention: what patients and citizen advocates want for better engagement – a qualitative study, BMC Public Health, 10.1186/s12889-025-24925-0, 25, 1, (2025).
- Christina D Economos, Juliana FW Cohen, Daniel J Raiten, Omar Dary, Diane DeBernardo, Boitshepo Giyose, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Deanna Hoelscher, Rachel Novotny, Angela Odoms-Young, Thomas N Robinson, Mary Rozga, Mary Story, Donald AP Bundy, Examining Effective Translation and Implementation Methods for Equitable Access and Scaling of Nutrition Programs—A Report From the “Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development: Knowledge Indicating Dietary Sufficiency (BOND-KIDS)” Project Working Group 4, The Journal of Nutrition, 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.10.031, (101218), (2025).
- Ariel Y. Fishman, David Lounsbury, Claudia Lechuga, Jessica Kahn, Mimi Y. Kim, Marla Keller, Evaluation means making CQI collaborative (E = MC 2 ): Lessons learned from implementing a new continuous quality improvement process at the Einstein-Montefiore CTSA hub , Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, 10.1017/cts.2025.10136, 9, 1, (2025).
- Julianna G. Alson, Kemi M. Doll, Bridgette H. Hempstead, Lisa Barr, Danielle C. Lavallee, Liz Sage, Adrienne Moore, Scott D. Ramsey, Erika M. Wolff, Bryan A. Comstock, Sarah E. Monsell, Ronit Katz, Charlotte R. Gamble, Anna L. Beavis, Monika Watat, Alvine Ngouonga, Ann Oluloro, Patrice Williams, Leah Franklin, Beza Tadess, Sarah Temkin, Anissa Foster, Juanita Jamison, Wenora Johnson, Bianca Body, Nefa-Tari Moore, Carol L. Brown, Joia Crear-Perry, Wui-Jin Koh, Charles R. Thomas, Michael J. Birrer, Elizabeth M. Swisher, Monica R. McLemore, Jacqueline Mbayo, Kimberly Vann, Margie Wilson, Martha Jean Williams, Micheal Goodwin, Shawn Smith, Sheila Johnson, Stephenie Black-Grant, Navya Nair, Abdulrahman Sinno, Rebeca Arend, Heather R. Williams, Nita Lee, Victoria Bae-Jump, Eloise Chapman-Davis, Onyi D. Balogun, Jay Mendoza, Soledad Jorge, Advancing equity in cancer research through principled partnership: stakeholder engagement practices in The Social Interventions for Support during Treatment for Endometrial cancer and Recurrence (SISTER) Study, Research Involvement and Engagement, 10.1186/s40900-025-00760-w, 11, 1, (2025).
- See more
